About the author: This article is written for IC, MEMS, and PCB layout professionals using KLayout. For further reading, consult the official KLayout documentation under “2.5D View” and explore the user forum threads on setting realistic layer heights for your specific technology node.

To generate a 2.5D rendering of your layout, KLayout needs to know the physical properties of your layers—specifically their thickness and vertical position (z-offset). Step 1: Open the 2.5D View Panel Launch KLayout and load your layout file (GDS/OASIS).

Adjust Z-axis scaling. (Because semiconductor layers are incredibly thin compared to their X/Y dimensions, you often need to stretch the Z-axis scale by 5x to 100x to make the layers clearly visible). Advanced Techniques and Best Practices 1. Scripting Your Stack-up

In advanced node IC designs, tracking a signal down through multiple metal layers, vias, and contacts can be dizzying. 2.5D visualization instantly exposes missing vias or misaligned interlayer connections.

Unlike a simple 3D toggle, generating a 2.5D view in KLayout requires a . This gives you immense control to define the material stack precisely.

Click and hold the Middle Mouse Button (Scroll Wheel) or right-click to drag the layout horizontally or vertically across the screen.

Semiconductor layers are incredibly thin (measured in nanometers or microns) compared to their lateral width (often measured in millimeters). If you render a layout with true scale, the layers will look like a flat sheet of paper.

Unlike true 3D tools, KLayout does not automatically know how tall a metal1 trace should be. You must assign a to each layer:

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Spot misaligned vias, floating metal fills, or incorrect layer overlaps before submitting your mask for fabrication.

Use the mouse scroll wheel to inspect fine details or view the entire chip. Advanced Tips for Optimizing Your 2.5D View

Master KLayout 25D View: The Complete Guide to Quasi-3D IC Visualizations

In integrated circuit (IC) design and microfabrication, visualizing how a two-dimensional layout translates into a physical, three-dimensional device is a constant challenge. KLayout, the industry-standard open-source GDSII and OASIS file viewer and editor, bridges this gap powerfully with its feature.

While KLayout’s 25D view is optimized, it does have constraints:

KLayout, the open-source GDSII and OASIS file viewer and editor, solves this problem with its feature. Often called a "quasi-3D" viewer, this tool bridges the gap between flat 2D masks and complex, resource-heavy 3D engines. It generates a dynamic, layered preview of your semiconductor stack directly from your mask geometry. What is the KLayout 25D View?